Plans for the deep injection well are in the early stages, but residents weary of water contamination are on edge.

In the Marcellus Shale region, the increases were the smallest among six areas studied. Researchers expect water use to keep going up.

Pennsylvania has ended what had become common practice for municipalities that wanted to suppress dust on unpaved roads. A study found that some chemicals wash away during rain — and that when the road dries, contaminants can get into the air.