{"id":11384,"date":"2012-05-29T13:42:35","date_gmt":"2012-05-29T18:42:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/?p=11384"},"modified":"2012-05-29T14:47:02","modified_gmt":"2012-05-29T19:47:02","slug":"why-climate-change-may-increase-water-demands","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/2012\/05\/29\/why-climate-change-may-increase-water-demands\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Climate Change May Increase Water Demands"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_1740\"  class=\"wp-caption module image right\" style=\"max-width: 210px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/2011\/11\/14\/ask-a-climatologist-will-we-run-out-of-water\/gammon-2\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1740\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1740\" title=\"gammon\" src=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/files\/2011\/11\/gammon1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"210\" height=\"260\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-media-credit\">Photo courtesy of Texas A&amp;M University<\/p><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. John Nielsen-Gammon, Texas State Climatologist<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Climate change has entered the discussion on water availability once again. \u201cThe same amount of water won\u2019t go as far as it used to,\u201d says John Nielsen-Gammon, the <a href=\"http:\/\/climatexas.tamu.edu\/\">Texas State Climatologist<\/a> at Texas A&amp;M University. Nielsen-Gammon shed some light on the relationship between <a href=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/2012\/03\/30\/climate-change-and-the-drought-an-interview-with-katharine-hayhoe\/\">climate change<\/a> and water availability at the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.tamest.org\/events\/2012-water-summit.html\">2012 Texas Water Summit<\/a> held by the University of Texas at Austin\u2019s <a href=\"http:\/\/www.tamest.org\/\">Academy of Medicine, Engineering and Science<\/a>\u00a0last week.<\/p>\n<p>Nielsen-Gammon and a team of researchers have built climate change models using data derived from the short term climate fluctuations known as <a href=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/tag\/la-nina\/\">La Ni\u00f1a<\/a>. \u201cWe can use short-term issues as a window to understanding what we have to deal with in the long-term,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p>While a La Ni\u00f1a year may be predicted several months in advance, long-term climate fluctuation is a tougher nut to crack. Many factors feed long-term climate change, Nielsen-Gammon said, including variations in solar intensity, large volcanic events, greenhouse gases, the orbit of the earth, particulate matter, land cover, variations in oceanic conditions, and atmospheric chaos. Unfortunately, the bulk of these variables are, on average, quite difficult to predict.<\/p>\n<p>But here\u2019s where attention directed toward short-term climate variation pays off.<!--more--><\/p>\n<div class=\"related-content alignleft\"><h4 class=\"related-header\">Related<\/h4><div class=\"links\"><h5>Posts<\/h5><ul><li class=\"link\"><a href=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/2012\/05\/22\/the-secrets-behind-san-antonios-water-conservation-success\/\">The Secrets Behind San Antonio\u2019s Water Conservation Success<\/a><\/li><li class=\"link\"><a href=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/2012\/05\/23\/measuring-the-drought-how-new-tools-show-its-impact\/\">Measuring the Drought: How New Tools Show Its Impact<\/a><\/li><li class=\"link\"><a href=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/2012\/05\/24\/lessons-from-the-outback-how-australia-survived-drought\/\">Lessons from the Outback: How Australia Survived Drought<\/a><\/li><li class=\"link\"><a href=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/2012\/05\/24\/going-native-in-texas-with-less-water\/\">Going \u2018Native\u2019 in Texas With Less\u00a0Water<\/a><\/li><li class=\"link\"><a href=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/2012\/05\/25\/how-the-drought-exposed-texas-water-insecurity\/\">How the Drought Exposed Texas\u2019 Water Insecurity<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"topics\"><h5>Topics<\/h5><p class=\"topic\"><img class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/files\/2011\/10\/120001038-60x60.jpg\" height=\"60\" width=\"60\" \/><a href=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/topic\/la-nina\/\">What is La\u00a0Ni\u00f1a?<\/a><\/p><p class=\"topic\"><img class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/files\/2011\/11\/119835727-60x60.jpg\" height=\"60\" width=\"60\" \/><a href=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/topic\/drought\/\">Everything You Need to Know About the Texas Drought<\/a><\/p><p class=\"topic\"><img class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/files\/2011\/08\/WaterinTexas1-60x60.jpg\" height=\"60\" width=\"60\" \/><a href=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/topic\/water-in-texas\/\">Your Guide to Water Issues In\u00a0Texas<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<p>Models derived from El Ni\u00f1o\u00a0and La Ni\u00f1a\u00a0events help produce a rough picture of long-term wet and dry cycles. Averages derived from these models have revealed an interesting wet-dry dynamic and a need to secure more water resources for the future.<\/p>\n<p>In the past century, Texas has witnessed an approximate increase of ten to fifteen percent in rainfall. But temperatures have also been on the rise.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"http:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/tag\/drought-app\/\">drought of 2011<\/a>, the driest twelve month-period on record by a large margin, has highlighted the damaging effects of rising temperatures. Extreme heat encouraged rapid evaporation from lakes and other surface water resources, decreased runoff, and increased stress on vegetation and wildlife. \u201cTemperature effects everything that happens to water supplies once they hit the ground,\u201d says Nielsen-Gammon, who predicts that drought conditions will continue despite the recent rainfall.<\/p>\n<p>Increasing temperatures may someday offset small increases in rainfall. This possibility highlights concerns surrounding Texas\u2019 water availability. \u201cTemperature is still a big unknown,\u201d says Nielsen-Gammon. As temperatures become warmer, inviting greater evaporation, the water of yesterday may fail to meet the demand of tomorrow.<\/p>\n<h5><em>Sheyda Aboii is an intern with StateImpact Texas.\u00a0<\/em><\/h5>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Climate change has entered the discussion on water availability once again. \u201cThe same amount of water won\u2019t go as far as it used to,\u201d says John Nielsen-Gammon, the Texas State Climatologist at Texas A&amp;M University. Nielsen-Gammon shed some light on the relationship between climate change and water availability at the 2012 Texas Water Summit held [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":1740,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[58],"tags":[61,140,110,85],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11384"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/82"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11384"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11384\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11628,"href":"https:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11384\/revisions\/11628"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11384"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11384"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stateimpact.npr.org\/texas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11384"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}